Introductory Training On ArcGIS

What is ArcMap?

ArcMap is the primary mapping component of ArcGIS Desktop software from ESRI. ArcMap is where you display and explore GIS datasets for your study area, where you assign symbols, and where you create map layouts for printing or publication. ArcMap is also the application you use to create and edit datasets.

ArcMap represents geographic information as a collection of layers and other elements in a map. Common map elements include the data frame containing map layers for a given extent plus a scale bar, north arrow, title, descriptive text, a symbol legend, and so on. ArcGIS is, the world's most popular Desktop GIS software.

Image by Sasin Tipchai from Pixabay

Training Contents

Launching ArcMap
Adding Data in ArcMap
Using Basic Tools in ArcMap
Data Views in ArcMap
Changing Symbology in ArcMap
Working with Spatial Analyst
Calculating Slope in ArcMap

Software:

ArcGIS

Data Set:

emidastrm.shp
emidalat

Image by stokpic from Pixabay

Launching ArcMap

Scenario: We are using ArcGIS 10.3.1.

Click on start icon in your desktop
Browse to ArcGIS Folder or ArcMap icon
Click on ArcMap Icon wait for Program to open
ArcGIS initializing window appears as shown

ArcGIS Initializing Window

ArcGIS getting Started window appears next

ArcGIS Starting Window

Click on Blank Map
Click Ok
ArcMap Window Opens

Adding Data in ArcMap

Click on Add Data Button in ArcMap as shown in fig below

Add Data Button

Add Data Window will appear as shown below

Connect Folder with Data Directory and click Ok

Folder Connection Dialogue ArcMap

Navigate to your Data Directory as shown in fig (next), Click emidastrm.shp Once selected click on add button

A message appears informing you about one or more layers with missing spatial reference information. Emidastrm.shp does not have the projection information, although it is based on the UTM coordinate system, same as emidalat. You will learn later how to define a coordinate system.

Adding DataSets in ArcMap Environment

Click ok to dismiss error dialogue
Following same steps add emidalat raster
You can add multiple data sets at same time by holding ctrl key and adding data set of your choices and then click add, both datasets will appear in table of contents.
Click on Zoom to layer to display data set
Data Set will be displayed as shown in fig according to order added
You can change the drawing orders by dragging and dropping layers up and down.

Basic Tools in ArcMap

Zoom In, Zoom Out, Pan, Select Elements, Identify

Note: When you hold the mouse point over a tool, a ToolTip appears in a floating box to tell you the name of the tool, a short message about the use of tool appears at bottom of ArcMap window.

Basic Tools in ArcMap

Basic Tools

Basic Tools Interface

Zooming Data Set: You can Zoom in and Zoom out Data using Zoom icon

Zoom Tool Interface

Pan: You can move the map around the screen using Pan Option

Pan Tool

Select Elements: You can use select Elements tool to select features drop down give you multiple select options, Select tool and click on portion of map you want to use, Selected feature will be highlighted as shown in figure below

Select Tool

Identify Tool: Select identify tool to display the information of a feature.

Identify Tool

Data Display Views in Arc Map

ArcMap has two views

Data Display view (One you will be viewing right know is Data Display view)
Layout View: It is used for viewing the map
Both views can be found at lower left corner of display screen

Data Display Views in ArcMap

Data View Layout View

Changing Symbology in Arc Map

This step is change the symbol for emidastrm

Right Click and then click on Properties as shown in figure. Following Layer properties Box will open

Changing Symbology Tab

Click the Symbology tab.
Click on Box adjacent to text “Symbol” Symbol Selector will open as shown

Symbology Tab

Click Single Symbols and symbol next

Changing Symbols
Change width to 3 and color to color of your own choice
Select River symbols from left side and click Ok
Click Apply

Symbol Selector

Now based on your own choice choose symbol color and width Output will change according to classification criterion.

Symbology Changed

Classifying Data in ArcMap

Classifying Raster

This step is to display emidalat in the elevation zones of <900, 900-1000, 1000 1100, 1100-1200, 1200-1300, and >1300 meters

Right-click emidalat and select Properties from the context menu.
Click the Symbology tab
Choose 6 classes from image

Layer Properties Dialogue
Change Color ramp accordingly and click apply
Click Ok
Click Classified in the left section of frame.

Click on classify button window as shown in Fig will appear

Classification Dialogue Box

The Method dropdown list in the Classification dialog offers six methods: Manual, Equal Interval, Defined Interval, Quantile, Natural Breaks (Jenks), and Standard Deviation. Select Manual.
There are two ways to set the break values for the elevation zones manually. To use the first method, you will check the box to snap breaks to data values and then click the first break line and drag it to the intended value of 900. You will do the same to set the break lines at 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, and 1337.
To use the second method, you will click the first Cell in the Break Values frame and enter 900.
You will click and enter 1000, 1100, 1200, and 1300 for the next four cells. If the break value you entered is changed to a different value, re-enter it. To unselect 1337, which is the highest value, click the empty space below the cell. After entering the break values, Click OK to dismiss the Classification dialog.

Based on methods and color ramp output may be like shown in fig below

Output Image

Classifying Data in ArcMap (Vector)

Right Click on Emidastrm.shp
Click on Properties
Click on Symbology

Changing Vector Symbology
Select graduated colors
Select LENGTH for value
Type 6 in classes
Change color Ramp to your own choice
Click Apply
Display will now change, Note: Click on classify tab again as in previous task.
The Method dropdown list in the Classification dialog offers six methods: Manual, Equal Interval, Defined Interval, Quantile, Natural Breaks (Jenks), and Standard Deviation. Select, the method of your choice and see result.

Working With Spatial Analyst in ArcMap

Several extensions are available for ArcMap, including Spatial Analyst, 3D Analyst, and Geostatistical Analyst. For example, you can derive a slope map from emidalat.

Select Extensions from Customize in tool menu and check the box for Spatial Analyst.

Extension ArcMap
Select Toolbar from window as shown

ArcMap Toolbar

Accessing ToolBar Window

A window as shown will appear

ArcToolbox

Then select Spatial Analyst.
After clicking on the Spatial Analyst toolbar, click the Spatial Analyst dropdown arrow.
Select Surface Analysis and then Slope.

Slope ToolBar
In the Slope dialog, make sure the Input surface is emidalat, The output measurement is degree, The Z factor is 1, the output cell size is 30 (meters), and the output raster is temporary
Click OK.

Slope tool Interface
Slope of emidalat is now added to the Table of Contents
A file with name Slope_emidal1 is added and displayed as shown in fig below

Slope output

Saving the Document

You can save Task 1 as a map document before exiting ArcMap.

Select Save As from the File menu in ArcMap.

Navigate to the chap1 folder, enter Task 1 for the file name, and click Save.

ArcMap automatically add the extension .mxd to Task 1. Data sets displayed in Task 1 are now saved with Task1.mxd. To reopen Task1.mxd, Task 1.mxd must reside in the same folder as the data sets it references.

To exit ArcMap, simply select Exit from the File menu. To make sure that Task1.mxd is saved correctly, launch ArcMap. Select Open from the File menu, navigate to the chap1 folder, and double-click Task1.

Comments

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